What fine-tuning is
Fine-tuning continues training a pre-trained model on your own labelled examples so it internalizes a behaviour — a strict output format, a house tone of voice, or a specialised classification task. Unlike prompting, the behaviour becomes part of the model, which means shorter prompts, more consistent outputs, and lower cost per call at high volume.
Fine-tuning vs RAG
They solve different problems. RAG gives a model access to knowledge; fine-tuningteaches it a skill or style. If your challenge is “the model doesn't know our data,” you want RAG. If it's “the model knows enough but won't respond in the exact shape we need, reliably, cheaply,” you want fine-tuning. We compare them in depth in RAG vs fine-tuning.
How we fine-tune
- Data preparation: assemble, clean, de-duplicate, and label a training set from your real examples — usually the highest- leverage step.
- Parameter-efficient training (LoRA/PEFT): adapt a smaller open model instead of retraining billions of parameters, cutting cost and turnaround.
- Evaluation: measure accuracy, format validity, and regressions against a held-out set before anything reaches production.
- Private deployment: ship the model where you need it — your cloud or on-prem — with full handover.
Good fits for fine-tuning
- Structured-output tasks that must return valid JSON every time.
- High-volume classification, extraction, or routing at low cost.
- A consistent brand voice or domain vocabulary.
Our process
Fine-tuning is part of our broader AI solutions practice. We work in two-week sprints with sandbox builds you can review, and hand over the model, training pipeline, evaluation set, and documentation so you own the result outright.